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Age, Sex, Existing Conditions of COVID-19 Cases and Deaths
Current Statistics
Age of Coronavirus Deaths
We are collecting and analyzing the data from all US States. In the meantime, below we show the data provided by New York City Health as of May 13, 2020:
| AGE | Number of Deaths |
Share of deaths | With underlying conditions | Without underlying conditions | Unknown if with underlying cond. | Share of deaths of unknown + w/o cond. |
| 0 - 17 years old | 9 | 0.06% | 6 | 3 | 0 | 0.02% |
| 18 - 44 years old | 601 | 3.9% | 476 | 17 | 108 | 0.8% |
| 45 - 64 years old | 3,413 | 22.4% | 2,851 | 72 | 490 | 3.7% |
| 65 - 74 years old | 3,788 | 24.9% | 2,801 | 5 | 982 | 6.5% |
| 75+ years old | 7,419 | 48.7% | 5,236 | 2 | 2,181 | 14.3% |
| TOTAL | 15,230 | 100% | 11,370 (75%) | 99 (0.7%) | 1,551 (24.7%) | 25.3% |
April 14 Data
For comparison, below is the data provided by New York City Health as of April 14. It can be noted that the absolute number of deaths of patients without underlying conditions was actually higher in this earlier report compared to the May 13 one, signaling the data has been since corrected and revised downward.
| AGE | Number of Deaths | Share of deaths | With underlying conditions | Without underlying conditions | Unknown if with underlying cond. | Share of deaths of unknown + w/o cond. |
| 0 - 17 years old | 3 | 0.04% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0% |
| 18 - 44 years old | 309 | 4.5% | 244 | 25 | 40 | 1.0% |
| 45 - 64 years old | 1,581 | 23.1% | 1,343 | 59 | 179 | 3.5% |
| 65 - 74 years old | 1,683 | 24.6% | 1,272 | 26 | 385 | 6.0% |
| 75+ years old | 3,263 | 47.7% | 2,289 | 27 | 947 | 14.2% |
| TOTAL | 6,839 | 100% | 5,151 | 137 | 1,551 | 24.68% |
[1] Underlying illnesses include Diabetes, Lung Disease, Cancer, Immunodeficiency, Heart Disease, Hypertension, Asthma, Kidney Disease, and GI/Liver Disease.
Sex ratio
Data provided by New York City Health as of April 14, for known sex of deceased:
| SEX | Deaths | Share of Deaths | With underlying conditions | Share within this category | Without underlying conditions | Share within this category | Unknown if with cond. | Share within this category |
| Male | 4,095 | 61,8% | 3,087 | 62,2% | 96 | 72.2% | 912 | 59.5% |
| Female | 2,530 | 38.2% | 1.873 | 37.8% | 37 | 27.8% | 620 | 40.5% |
Older Statistics
Data from initial studies in China
At the end of February, there were two sources that provided age, sex, and comorbidity statistics:
- The Report of the WHO-China Joint Mission published on Feb. 28 by WHO, which is based on 55,924 laboratory confirmed cases. The report notes that "The Joint Mission acknowledges the known challenges and biases of reporting crude CFR early in an epidemic" (see also our discussion on: How to calculate the mortality rate during an outbreak)
- A paper by the Chinese CCDC released on Feb. 17, which is based on 72,314 confirmed, suspected, and asymptomatic cases of COVID-19 in China as of Feb. 11, and was published in the Chinese Journal of Epidemiology
We will list data from both, labeling them as "confirmed cases" and "all cases" respectively in the tables.
Age of Coronavirus Deaths
COVID-19 Fatality Rate by AGE:
*Death Rate = (number of deaths / number of cases) = probability of dying if infected by the virus (%). This probability differs depending on the age group. The percentages shown below do not have to add up to 100%, as they do NOT represent share of deaths by age group. Rather, it represents, for a person in a given age group, the risk of dying if infected with COVID-19.
| AGE | DEATH RATE confirmed cases |
DEATH RATE all cases |
| 80+ years old | 21.9% | 14.8% |
| 70-79 years old | 8.0% | |
| 60-69 years old | 3.6% | |
| 50-59 years old | 1.3% | |
| 40-49 years old | 0.4% | |
| 30-39 years old | 0.2% | |
| 20-29 years old | 0.2% | |
| 10-19 years old | 0.2% | |
| 0-9 years old | no fatalities |
*Death Rate = (number of deaths / number of cases) = probability of dying if infected by the virus (%). The percentages do not have to add up to 100%, as they do NOT represent share of deaths by age group.
In general, relatively few cases are seen among children.
Sex ratio
COVID-19 Fatality Rate by SEX:
*Death Rate = (number of deaths / number of cases) = probability of dying if infected by the virus (%). This probability differs depending on sex. When reading these numbers, it must be taken into account that smoking in China is much more prevalent among males. Smoking increases the risks of respiratory complications.
| SEX | DEATH RATE confirmed cases |
DEATH RATE all cases |
| Male | 4.7% | 2.8% |
| Female | 2.8% | 1.7% |
*Death Rate = (number of deaths / number of cases) = probability of dying if infected by the virus (%). The percentages do not have to add up to 100%, as they do NOT represent share of deaths by sex.
Pre-existing medical conditions (comorbidities)
Patients who reported no pre-existing ("comorbid") medical conditions had a case fatality rate of 0.9%. Pre-existing illnesses that put patients at higher risk of dying from a COVID-19 infection are:
COVID-19 Fatality Rate by COMORBIDITY:
*Death Rate = (number of deaths / number of cases) = probability of dying if infected by the virus (%). This probability differs depending on pre-existing condition. The percentage shown below does NOT represent in any way the share of deaths by pre-existing condition. Rather, it represents, for a patient with a given pre-existing condition, the risk of dying if infected by COVID-19.
| PRE-EXISTING CONDITION | DEATH RATE confirmed cases |
DEATH RATE all cases |
| Cardiovascular disease | 13.2% | 10.5% |
| Diabetes | 9.2% | 7.3% |
| Chronic respiratory disease | 8.0% | 6.3% |
| Hypertension | 8.4% | 6.0% |
| Cancer | 7.6% | 5.6% |
| no pre-existing conditions | 0.9% |
*Death Rate = (number of deaths / number of cases) = probability of dying if infected by the virus (%). The percentages do not have to add up to 100%, as they do NOT represent share of deaths by condition.